U\u017e jste n\u011bkdy kousli do n\u011b\u010deho tvrd\u00e9ho a b\u00e1li jste se, \u017ee si ulom\u00edte zub? Nebo jste se divili, pro\u010d n\u011bkter\u00e9 no\u017ee z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed ostr\u00e9 d\u00e9le ne\u017e jin\u00e9? V tom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed na \u0159adu zirkonov\u00e1 keramika - tento podce\u0148ovan\u00fd sil\u00e1k, kter\u00fd je tvrd\u00fd, leskl\u00fd a objevuje se na nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ne\u010dekan\u00fdch m\u00edstech. Vyr\u00e1b\u00ed se z oxidu zirkoni\u010dit\u00e9ho, co\u017e je elegantn\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 z prvku zirkonia, kter\u00fd poch\u00e1z\u00ed z miner\u00e1l\u016f, jako je zirkon. Poprv\u00e9 jsem na n\u011bj narazil p\u0159i n\u00e1kupu nov\u00fdch hodinek; r\u00e1me\u010dek byl ze zirkonu, odoln\u00fd proti po\u0161kr\u00e1b\u00e1n\u00ed a leskl\u00fd jako nov\u00fd i po letech no\u0161en\u00ed. To m\u011b p\u0159im\u011blo dozv\u011bd\u011bt se v\u00edc o tom, jak se v tomto materi\u00e1lu snoub\u00ed tvrdost podobn\u00e1 diamantu s prakti\u010dnost\u00ed v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n
Zirkony se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed skv\u011blou kombinac\u00ed pevnosti a odolnosti. Na Mohsov\u011b stupnici tvrdosti se pohybuje kolem 8,5, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se vyrovn\u00e1 saf\u00edr\u016fm a vydr\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1razy, ani\u017e by snadno praskl. Tajnou om\u00e1\u010dkou je \"transforma\u010dn\u00ed zpevn\u011bn\u00ed\" - p\u0159i nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed se krystalov\u00e1 struktura trochu zm\u011bn\u00ed, pohlt\u00ed energii a zastav\u00ed praskliny. Je to skoro jako by se materi\u00e1l br\u00e1nil. Nav\u00edc t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nevede teplo, odol\u00e1v\u00e1 korozi a nereaguje s chemik\u00e1liemi, tak\u017ee je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00fd pro styk s t\u011blem. P\u0159esto m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt surov\u00fd oxid zirkoni\u010dit\u00fd choulostiv\u00fd; p\u0159i vysok\u00e9m \u017e\u00e1ru m\u011bn\u00ed f\u00e1ze, tak\u017ee ho dopujeme l\u00e1tkami, jako je yttria nebo magn\u00e9zium, abychom ho uzamkli ve stabiln\u00ed form\u011b. Bez toho by se p\u0159i v\u00fdkyvech teplot rozp\u00ednal a praskal.<\/p>\n
Historie je tak\u00e9 docela zaj\u00edmav\u00e1. Zirkonium se objevilo u\u017e v roce 1700 v drah\u00fdch kamenech, ale jako tvrd\u00e1 keramika se zirkon prosadil a\u017e v 70. letech. Australsk\u00fd v\u011bdec Ron Garvie rozlu\u0161til k\u00f3d, jak z n\u011bj ud\u011blat odoln\u00fd materi\u00e1l, a nazval ho \"keramickou ocel\u00ed\", proto\u017ee se podob\u00e1 kovu a nev\u00e1\u017e\u00ed. Dnes se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed lisov\u00e1n\u00edm pr\u00e1\u0161ku oxidu zirkoni\u010dit\u00e9ho do tvar\u016f a jeho vypalov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159i \u0161\u00edlen\u011b vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch v procesu zvan\u00e9m slinov\u00e1n\u00ed. Z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed suroviny nen\u00ed proch\u00e1zka r\u016f\u017eov\u00fdm sadem - v\u011bt\u0161ina poch\u00e1z\u00ed z Austr\u00e1lie nebo Ji\u017en\u00ed Afriky a je drah\u00e1 kv\u016fli nutn\u00e9mu zu\u0161lech\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Jakmile za\u010dnete hledat, najdete zirkony v\u0161ude. V zubn\u00edm l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed m\u011bn\u00ed pravidla hry: korunky a m\u016fstky, kter\u00e9 napodobuj\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 zuby, jsou velmi pevn\u00e9 a nemus\u00edte se ob\u00e1vat alergi\u00ed na kovy. M\u016fj zuba\u0159 na n\u011b p\u0159e\u0161el p\u0159ed lety a pacienti miluj\u00ed, jak p\u016fsob\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u011b. Ve zdravotnictv\u00ed je to v kloubn\u00edch n\u00e1hrad\u00e1ch, jako jsou ky\u010dle a kolena - vydr\u017e\u00ed 20 a v\u00edce let s minim\u00e1ln\u00edm opot\u0159eben\u00edm. Profesion\u00e1lov\u00e9 v kuchyni b\u00e1sn\u00ed o zirkonov\u00fdch no\u017e\u00edch; dr\u017e\u00ed ost\u0159\u00ed nav\u017edy a nerezav\u00ed ani nezanech\u00e1vaj\u00ed skvrny. Pokud jde o t\u0159pyt, kubick\u00e1 zirkonie p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u011b napodobuje diamanty, ale \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e1 verze je v luxusn\u00edch hodink\u00e1ch a \u0161perc\u00edch pro ten bezkonkuren\u010dn\u00ed lesk. Z technick\u00e9ho hlediska je v kysl\u00edkov\u00fdch senzorech automobil\u016f, palivov\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch prosazuj\u00edc\u00edch zelenou energii a dokonce i v izol\u00e1torech v gadgetech. V letectv\u00ed a kosmonautice se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro sou\u010d\u00e1stky, kter\u00e9 snesou vysok\u00e9 teploty, ani\u017e by se deformovaly.<\/p>\n
Jist\u011b, m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 mouchy. Na vlhk\u00fdch m\u00edstech m\u016f\u017ee \u010dasem pomalu degradovat - \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 se tomu n\u00edzkoteplotn\u00ed degradace - a proto se pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u00fapravy zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed odolnosti. Recyklace je na vzestupu, aby se sn\u00ed\u017eil dopad na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, a 3D tisk otev\u00edr\u00e1 dve\u0159e pro vlastn\u00ed kousky ve v\u0161em od l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch implant\u00e1t\u016f a\u017e po vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Celkov\u011b vzato je zirkonov\u00e1 keramika t\u00edm tich\u00fdm \u00fasp\u011bchem - elegantn\u00ed, ale nerozbitn\u00e1, se zemit\u00fdmi ko\u0159eny a high-tech vibracemi. V na\u0161em sv\u011bt\u011b, kde se vyhazuje, je osv\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edt n\u011bco, co vydr\u017e\u00ed. A\u017e p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b uvid\u00edte bezchybn\u00fd prsten nebo odoln\u00fd implant\u00e1t, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee zirkon je t\u00edm neop\u011bvovan\u00fdm hrdinou, kter\u00fd ho vytvo\u0159il.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Zirkonov\u00e1 keramika: U\u017e jste n\u011bkdy kousli do n\u011b\u010deho tvrd\u00e9ho a b\u00e1li jste se, \u017ee si vylom\u00edte zub? Nebo jste p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161leli, pro\u010d n\u011bkter\u00e9 no\u017ee z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed ostr\u00e9 mnohem d\u00e9le ne\u017e jin\u00e9? V tom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed na \u0159adu zirkonov\u00e1 keramika - tento nedocen\u011bn\u00fd sil\u00e1k, kter\u00fd je tvrd\u00fd, leskl\u00fd a objevuje se v nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ... \u010c\u00edst d\u00e1l<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-product-related"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56,"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53\/revisions\/56"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}