Zirkonium nab\u00edz\u00ed pokro\u010dil\u00e1 materi\u00e1lov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed. Rozmanitost jeho slo\u017een\u00ed, od kompozitn\u00edho z\u00e1zraku ZTA a\u017e po odoln\u00e9 vlastnosti Ce-TZP, poskytuje vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed celou \u0159adu pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch pot\u0159eb.<\/p>\n
Mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti aditivn\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 zirkonov\u00e9 keramiky m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit \u0159ada faktor\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b pom\u011bru surovinov\u00e9 ka\u0161e, p\u00f3rovitosti a aglomer\u00e1t\u016f, spojen\u00ed mezi vrstvami a smr\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Keramick\u00e9 bloky jsou st\u00e1le obl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed volbou pro zubn\u00ed n\u00e1hrady, proto\u017ee jsou pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jin\u00e9 v\u00fdpl\u0148ov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly. Keramick\u00e9 bloky se tak\u00e9 mohou pochlubit ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm koeficientem tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti - to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se neroztahuj\u00ed ani nesmr\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed p\u0159i kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed teploty, tak\u017ee jsou ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v oblastech vystaven\u00fdch teplotn\u00edm v\u00fdkyv\u016fm, jako jsou korunky a fazety. Keramick\u00e9 bloky se nav\u00edc \u010dist\u00ed snadn\u011bji ne\u017e jin\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly - dal\u0161\u00ed faktor, kter\u00fd z keramiky \u010din\u00ed atraktivn\u00ed volbu pro stomatologick\u00e9 aplikace vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed trvanlivost.<\/p>\n
Celokeramick\u00e9 prot\u00e9zy vyroben\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed CAD\/CAM mohou pacient\u016fm poskytnout dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00ed a kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, ale ne v\u0161echny keramick\u00e9 prot\u00e9zy jsou stejn\u00e9. N\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy keramiky maj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed biokompatibilitu a estetiku ne\u017e jin\u00e9, tak\u017ee v\u00fdb\u011br ide\u00e1ln\u00edho materi\u00e1lu pro individu\u00e1ln\u00ed pot\u0159eby ka\u017ed\u00e9ho pacienta je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd. Disilik\u00e1t lithia a zirkon jsou v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b dv\u011b obl\u00edben\u00e9 volby p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed pro v\u00fdpl\u0148ov\u00e9 o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n
D\u00edky pokroku v technologii CAD\/CAM v\u0161ak maj\u00ed nyn\u00ed zubn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i k dispozici v\u00edce mo\u017enost\u00ed. ZrO (yttria-stabilizovan\u00fd zirkon) je extr\u00e9mn\u011b tvrd\u00fd materi\u00e1l s jednou z nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch mechanick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed, jak\u00e9 kdy byly u dent\u00e1ln\u00ed keramiky zaznamen\u00e1ny; m\u00e1 pevnost v ohybu a\u017e 100 MPa, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee odol\u00e1v\u00e1 zlomenin\u00e1m \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bji ne\u017e korunky na b\u00e1zi PFM nebo kov\u016f. Monolitick\u00fd ZrO nav\u00edc neobsahuje zraniteln\u00e9 vrstvy, kter\u00e9 by jej spojovaly s podkladov\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly, jako je zlato nebo porcel\u00e1nov\u00e9 podkladov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdrobu pomoc\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f CAD\/CAM.<\/p>\n
Keramika ZTA je pokro\u010dil\u00fd hybridn\u00ed materi\u00e1l z tvrzen\u00e9ho oxidu zirkoni\u010dit\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd se m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit v\u00fdhodami obou materi\u00e1l\u016f. P\u0159esto\u017ee m\u00e1 st\u00e1le vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti ot\u011bru a zv\u00fd\u0161enou tvrdost\/hou\u017eevnatost pro vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon a del\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotnost, jeho zirkonem tvrzen\u00e1 struktura d\u00e1v\u00e1 ZTA vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti korozi, co\u017e mu umo\u017e\u0148uje odol\u00e1vat prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by jinou keramiku zni\u010dilo.<\/p>\n
Keramick\u00e9 h\u0159\u00eddele ZTA, vyroben\u00e9 z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho a zirkonu, maj\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed mez kluzu ze v\u0161ech modern\u00edch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch keramik, co\u017e jim umo\u017e\u0148uje odol\u00e1vat vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm teplot\u00e1m po del\u0161\u00ed dobu, ne\u017e dojde k poru\u0161e. D\u00edky t\u00e9to v\u00fdhod\u011b jsou h\u0159\u00eddele ZTA obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b vhodn\u00e9 pro aplikace mechanick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kde tlak opot\u0159eben\u00ed a t\u0159en\u00ed \u010dasem zp\u016fsob\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed \u00fanavou z nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Zirkonium s p\u0159\u00eddavkem yttria je mnohem pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e standardn\u00ed oxid hlinit\u00fd a nitrid k\u0159em\u00edku, co\u017e mu zaji\u0161\u0165uje desetin\u00e1sobn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed odolnost proti n\u00e1razu. Pokud p\u0159edm\u011bt naraz\u00ed do keramick\u00e9 h\u0159\u00eddele ZTA, jej\u00ed zirkoniov\u00e9 inkluze funguj\u00ed jako mal\u00e9 bari\u00e9ry, kter\u00e9 pohlcuj\u00ed a rozptyluj\u00ed energii d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e se ve struktu\u0159e vytvo\u0159\u00ed trhliny.<\/p>\n
Keramick\u00e9 trubky ZTA maj\u00ed \u0159adu n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed ve stroj\u00edrenstv\u00ed, \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9m, chemick\u00e9m a metalurgick\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu. D\u00edky vysok\u00e9 odolnosti v\u016f\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m, kyselin\u00e1m a z\u00e1sad\u00e1m v kombinaci s vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed tvrdost\u00ed a hou\u017eevnatost\u00ed jsou ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro p\u0159epravu chemick\u00fdch kapalin nebo jako izola\u010dn\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 obaly pro jejich p\u0159epravu. Nav\u00edc jsou biokompatibiln\u00ed, netoxick\u00e9 a bez kontaminant\u016f - ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro pou\u017eit\u00ed ve zdravotnictv\u00ed a \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lech!<\/p>\n
Keramick\u00fd materi\u00e1l z oxidu zirkoni\u010dit\u00e9ho je jedn\u00edm z nejtvrd\u0161\u00edch keramick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f na trhu, kter\u00fd poskytuje v\u00fdjime\u010dnou odolnost proti ot\u011bru a opot\u0159eben\u00ed\/tvrdost a funguje i v provozn\u00edch prost\u0159ed\u00edch, kde to plasty, kovy a jin\u00e1 keramika nedok\u00e1\u017eou. Zirkonium lze nal\u00e9zt v aplikac\u00edch zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edch konstruk\u010dn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1sti, pouzdra, pouzdra p\u00edst\u016f vodic\u00edch izol\u00e1tor\u016f.<\/p>\n
Sn\u00edmky SEM lomov\u00fdch ploch oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho, MSZ a YSZ vykazuj\u00ed trimod\u00e1ln\u00ed mikrostruktury, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed zp\u016fsob lomu. U YSZ tyto mikrostruktury ukazuj\u00ed na intergranul\u00e1rn\u00ed zp\u016fsob poru\u0161en\u00ed, zat\u00edmco u MSZ a WO3 odhaluj\u00ed transgranul\u00e1rn\u00ed zp\u016fsob poru\u0161en\u00ed; v\u00fdsledky obou materi\u00e1lov\u00fdch zkou\u0161ek se u v\u0161ech t\u0159\u00ed testovan\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f bl\u00ed\u017eily experiment\u00e1ln\u00edm hodnot\u00e1m lomu.<\/p>\n
P\u00f3rovit\u00e9 vzorky mullitu, kter\u00e9 byly modifikov\u00e1ny magnezi\u00ed stabilizovan\u00fdm zirkonem (2,8mol% MgO) a WO3, maj\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed zd\u00e1nlivou p\u00f3rovitost mezi slinut\u00fdmi vzorky s pr\u016fm\u011brnou p\u00f3rovitost\u00ed 73,2 + 2,2%. Zdvojn\u00e1soben\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed WO3 sni\u017euje p\u00f3rovitost na 66 + 2%.<\/p>\n
Vzorky keramiky MSZ a WO3 se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed vysokou m\u011brnou tepelnou kapacitou v kombinaci s n\u00edzkou tepelnou difuzivitou, kter\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u011b zvy\u0161uje odolnost proti tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s yttria stabilizovan\u00fdm zirkonem (8mol% Y2O3) a WO3. Zkou\u0161ky TRS typu \"koule na krou\u017eku\" oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho, MSZ a YSZ uk\u00e1zaly charakteristick\u00e9 pevnosti v r\u00e1mci p\u0159ijateln\u00fdch hodnot o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch od technick\u00e9 keramiky, zat\u00edmco jejich Weibullovy moduly spadaj\u00ed do p\u0159ijateln\u00e9ho rozmez\u00ed pro pokro\u010dilou technickou keramiku.<\/p>\n
Yttri\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b stabilizovan\u00fd zirkon (Y-PSZ) je ji\u017e dlouho obl\u00edben\u00fdm keramick\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem pro tepeln\u011b bari\u00e9rov\u00e9 povlaky (TBC). Poskytuje vysokou teplotn\u00ed stabilitu, vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed hou\u017eevnatost a n\u00edzkou tepelnou vodivost - stejn\u011b jako st\u00e1rnut\u00ed za vysok\u00fdch teplot v d\u016fsledku nedostate\u010dn\u00e9ho transportu iont\u016f pro kysl\u00edk; jeho trvanlivost je v\u0161ak ohro\u017eena st\u00e1rnut\u00edm a zhu\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00edm za vysok\u00fdch teplot; omezen\u00fd transport kysl\u00edku trvanlivost je\u0161t\u011b zhor\u0161uje. K odstran\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto nedostatk\u016f nab\u00edz\u00ed zirkonov\u00e1 keramika stabilizovan\u00e1 c\u00e9rem (CSZ) vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm d\u00edky pou\u017eit\u00ed zirkonu stabilizovan\u00e9ho c\u00e9rem jako promotoru oxidace a nav\u00edc dvouvrstv\u00e9 konstrukci, kter\u00e1 nab\u00edz\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed odolnost proti tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm.<\/p>\n
V porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s yttriem % o hmotnosti 8 m\u00e1 CSZ vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed vlastnosti v oblasti odolnosti a hou\u017eevnatosti. Krom\u011b toho nepodl\u00e9h\u00e1 f\u00e1zov\u00e9mu p\u0159echodu p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch a nab\u00edz\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti sp\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed. Jeho koeficienty p\u0159estupu tepla a difuzivita iont\u016f kysl\u00edku nav\u00edc umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed l\u00e9pe zabr\u00e1nit oxidaci povlaku spoje a substr\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n
Pokro\u010dil\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, v\u010detn\u011b zirkoni\u010ditanu gadolinit\u00e9ho (GZO), \u0161estihlinitanu lanthanu (LaAlO3), zirkoni\u010ditanu v\u00e1penat\u00e9ho (CaZrO3) a zirkoni\u010ditanu stabilizovan\u00e9ho cerem (CSZ), se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edch termomechanick\u00fdch krytech lo\u017eisek (TBC), kter\u00e9 chr\u00e1n\u00ed kovy a keramiku p\u0159ed degradac\u00ed vlivem zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a poskytuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ochranu proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed a odolnost proti korozi p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch v plynov\u00fdch turb\u00edn\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci provedli korozn\u00ed zkou\u0161ky za tepla na tlust\u00fdch v\u00edcevrstv\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech CYSZ, aby l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bli jejich chov\u00e1n\u00ed za vysok\u00fdch teplot. Po proveden\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy jednotliv\u00fdch z\u00f3n nebylo zji\u0161t\u011bno \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 agresivn\u00edmi solemi obsahuj\u00edc\u00edmi S a Na. Morfologie z\u00f3n TGO nav\u00edc z\u016fstala konzistentn\u00ed s morfologi\u00ed povlak\u016f i po ukon\u010den\u00ed korozn\u00edch zkou\u0161ek za tepla.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bezkonkuren\u010dn\u00ed trvanlivost se zirkonovou keramikou Zirkonov\u00e1 keramika nab\u00edz\u00ed pokro\u010dil\u00e1 materi\u00e1lov\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed. Od kompozitn\u00edho z\u00e1zraku ZTA a\u017e po odoln\u00e9 vlastnosti Ce-TZP - rozmanitost jeho slo\u017een\u00ed poskytuje vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed celou \u0159adu pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch pot\u0159eb. Mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti aditivn\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00e9 zirkonov\u00e9 keramiky m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit \u0159ada faktor\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b jej\u00ed surovinov\u00e9 ... \u010c\u00edst d\u00e1l<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-product-related"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11,"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8\/revisions\/11"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zirconiaceramic.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}